Run a mock round

To share global variables across modules within a single program, create a special module. Import the config module in all modules of your application. The module will be available as a global variable across modules.

When a function makes a call to itself, it is termed recursion. But then, in order for it to avoid forming an infinite loop, we must have a base condition.

Let's take an example.

>>> def facto(n):

if n==1: return 1
return n*facto(n-1)

>>> facto(4)

24

For converting a number into a string, you can use the built-in function str(). If you want an octal or hexadecimal representation, use the inbuilt function oct() or hex().

#!/usr/bin/python

def fun1(a):

print'a:',a
a=33;
print'locala:',a
a=100
fun1(a)
print'aoutsidefun1:',a
Output:
a:100
locala:33
aoutsidefun1:100

A session basically allows you to remember information from one request to another. In a flask, it uses a signed cookie so the user can look at the session contents and modify. The user can modify the session if only it has the secret key Flask.secret_key.

There are two optional clauses you can use in the try-except block.

The "else" clause
It is useful if you want to run a piece of code when the try block doesn't create an exception.
The "finally" clause
It is useful when you want to execute some steps which run, irrespective of whether there occurs an exception or not.

As python is scripting language forms processing is done by Python. We need to

import cgi module to access form fields using FieldStorage class.

Every instance of class FieldStorage (for 'form') has the following attributes:
form.name: The name of the field, if specified.

form.filename: If an FTP transaction, the client­side filename.
form.value: The value of the field as a string.
form.file: file object from which data can be read.
form.type: The content type, if applicable.
form.type_options: The options of the 'content­type' line of the HTTP request, return ed
as a dictionary.
form.disposition: The field 'content­disposition'; None if unspecified.
form.disposition_options: The options for 'content­disposition'.
form.headers: All of the HTTP headers return ed as a dictionary.
A code snippet of form handling in python:

import cgi

form=cgi.FieldStorage()
ifnot(form.has_key("name")andform.has_key("age")):
print"<H1>Name&AgenotEntered</H1>"
print"FilltheName&Ageaccurately."
return
print"<p>name:",form["name"].value
print"<p>Age:",form["age"].value

Python String Format: The String format() method in Python is mainly used to format the given string into an accurate output or result.

Syntax for String format() method:

1
template.format(p0, p1, ..., k0=v0, k1=v1, ...)
Python String Replace: This method is mainly used to return a copy of the string in which all the occurrence of the substring is replaced by another substring.

Syntax for String replace() method:

1
str.replace(old, new [, count])

Yes, we can use the Python debugger (pdb) to debug any Python program. And if we start a program using pdb, then it let us even step through the code.